Moving target detection based on multi-satellite joint passive microwave imaging

Abstract

Using satellite formations to form a space-based passive interferometric imaging system can achieve high spatial resolution, but the sparse detection baseline will cause aliasing in the inversion image, affecting the detection of single-pixel point targets. Considering the slowly varying characteristics of the observation area, a target detection method based on image sequence is proposed. The background is estimated by multi-frame images, and the background of the inversion image is eliminated; energy is gathered based on sidelobe characteristics, the noise in the target area is estimated, and candidate targets are selected; the motion trajectory of the target is obtained by combining the temporal motion characteristics, and the detection of moving point targets is realized. Taking the formation system composed of 10 geostationary orbit satellites as an example, 300 simulation experiments are carried out for the detection of 50 ship point targets. The results show that the proposed method can realize point target detection in a large field of view, with an average false alarm rate 14.5%and an average missed alarm rate 19.5%.